- This article is about the mechanical device. For the shoe see Pump (shoe). For the Aerosmith album see Pump (album). For the WP:Pump see Wikipedia:Village pump.
An electric driven pump of water works nearby the Hengstey See, Germany
A pump is a device used to move gases, liquids, or slurries. A pump moves liquids or gases from lower pressure to higher pressure, and overcomes this difference in pressure by adding energy to the system (such as a water system). A gas pump is generally called a compressor.
The earliest pump was described by Archimedes in the 3rd century BC and is known as the Archimedes screw pump. Pumps work by using mechanical forces to push the material, either by physically lifting, or by the force of compression.
|
Contents
- 1 Types
- 2 Application
- 3 Power source
- 4 See also
- 5 External links
|
Types
Pumps fall into three categories: positive displacement, kinetic (centrifugal), and jet (eductor). Their names describe the method for moving water.
A rotary displacement pump.
Hand-operated, reciprocating, positive displacement, water pump in Košice-Ťahanovce, Slovakia.
A positive displacement pump causes a fluid to move by trapping a fixed volume of water and then forcing (displacement) that trapped volume into the receiving pipe. Positive displacement pumps can be further classified as either rotary-type (for example the rotary vane pump) or reciprocating-type (for example the diaphragm pump).
A centrifugal pump causes a fluid to move by transferring the kinetic (rotational) energy from a motor (through an impeller) into water pressure (potential energy).
A eductor-jet pump is special type of pump without moving parts that uses the kinetic energy of a fluid to increase the pressure of a second fluid.
Application
Pumps are used throughout society for a variety of purposes. Early applications includes the use of the windmill or watermill to pump water. Today, the pump is used for irrigation, water supply, air conditioning (usually called a compressor), chemical movement, sewage movement, flood control, marine services, etc.
Because of the wide variety of applications, pumps have a plethora of shapes and sizes: from very large to very small, from handling gas to handling liquid, from high pressure to low pressure, and from high volume to low volume.
Power source
19th century Dutch diesel pump in Rijswijk, Netherlands
Domestic Central Heating Pump
Pumps may be powered by an internal combustion engine, electric motor, manually (as with the hand pump used for pumping groundwater), or by wind power (common for irrigation). Solar power has been used to power an electric motor, for remote locations.[1]
See also
- Airlift pump
- Bicycle pump
- Boiler feedwater pump
- Breast pump
- Chain pumps
- Circulator pump
- Concrete pump
- Condensate pump
- Compressors
- Cyclic pump
- Eductor-jet pump
- Fire pump and Jockey pump
- Metering pump
- Pumping station
- Pumpjack (oil pump)
- Rope pump
- Roundabout PlayPump
- Tesla turbine
- Turbopump
- Vacuum pump
- Wind pump
External links
- Flash Animation of two lobe Roots Pump
- Flash Animation of three lobe Roots Pump
- Pump suppliers in DMOZ Open Directory Project
- Exzenterschecken-Motoren/Pumpen (eccentric screw pumps)
- Mechanical alignment for rotating equipment (pumps & turbines)
- Listings of most major Pump manufacturers and distributors classified geographically.
- Selecting a Sump Pump
Categories: Dutch loanwords | Fluid dynamics | Pumps | Mechanical engineering
